Information
and Resources
and Resources
Child sexual abuse is defined as the inappropriate exposure or subjection of a child to sexual material, contact, activity or behaviour.
It includes any sexual act directed toward a child by an adult or by an older, more powerful child.
Exposure abuse
Non-genital touching
Genital contact
Penetrative abuse
This is any type of penetration of a child’s vagina, anus or mouth—however slight—by a penis, finger, tongue or other object.
Source: Martin, E. and Silverstone, P. (2013). How Much Child Sexual Abuse Is “Below the Surface,” and Can We Help Adults Identify It Early? Frontiers in Psychiatry, vol. 4.
When a child is sexually abused, most of the signs of that abuse are non-specific. In other words, they could indicate a range of stressors in the child’s life. You are not expected to determine the source of these signs.
Instead, think of these signs as an indication that the child needs more attention from a trained professional.
If you notice troubling indicators without knowing the cause, think of them as signs that more attention is required. Their presence means the child can benefit from being assessed by a professional. A trained professional can try to determine the reason for the concerning signs in a sensitive way and then decide the most appropriate course of action.
Do you suspect a child is being sexually abused?
Learn how to take action to stop child sexual abuse—take the Little Warriors Prevent It! workshop.
Click here to download a PDF reference guide.
When you suspect a child has been abused, you are legally required to report your suspicion to child protective services or the police. Click here for provincial and regional reporting information.
If you interact with children, you may find yourself in a situation where a child tells you that he or she was sexually abused. How you respond to this disclosure can make a significant difference in that child’s life. You do not need to be an expert in child psychology or have all of the answers to respond appropriately.
When you suspect a child has been abused, you are legally required to report your suspicion to child protective services or the police. Click here for provincial and regional reporting information and resources.
Click here to download a PDF reference guide.
When making a report:
To learn more about disclosing and reporting child sexual abuse, take the free Little Warriors Prevent It! workshop.
Prevent It! is offered in person as a three-hour workshop for adults, facilitated by trained volunteers, or online as a 90-minute course. Click here to learn more.
Child sexual abuse is a serious issue that affects the lives of far too many children across Canada. It’s estimated that a staggering 1 in 3 girls and 1 in 6 boys will experience some form of sexual abuse. Even more disturbing is the fact that these numbers don’t reflect the 95 per cent of people whose sexual abuse is thought to go unreported.
In Canada, child sexual abuse is found within most cultures and communities. It affects children of all ages, regardless of ethnicity, socio-economic status, education or gender. Sadly, no child is completely immune to the risk of sexual abuse.
Source: Martin, E. and Silverstone, P. (2013). How Much Child Sexual Abuse Is “Below the Surface,” and Can We Help Adults Identify It Early? Frontiers in Psychiatry, vol. 4.
A child who has been sexually abused may experience a range of behavioural, physical, emotional and psychological difficulties—and the devastating consequences of abuse can extend well into adulthood. Some of the long-term effects seen in adult survivors of child sexual abuse include:
Child sexual abuse can also deeply affect those who are trying to help a loved one recover from an abusive experience. In some cases, it can completely shatter families.
The effects of child sexual abuse are significant and far-reaching—both for the victim and those closest to them. The key to preventing it from occurring is education.
A high-level awareness of the risks simply isn’t enough to stop sexual abuse from happening. To reduce the risk of sexual abuse for children in your life, it’s important to fully understand the signs and symptoms, common misconceptions, and how to talk openly with your child about sexuality.
There are a number of commonly held myths about child sexual abuse, which can be very harmful to a sexually abused child. It’s important to dispel any misconceptions so that children feel like they can speak out and adults don’t overlook the signs and symptoms of abuse.
Here are a few common myths:
False allegations of child sexual abuse are common.
False allegations of sexual abuse by children are quite uncommon. A recent, large-scale Canadian study did not find any examples of intentional false allegations. In fact, children are more likely to take back what they said and insist that abuse did not happen when it did.
Trocmé and Bala, 2005 : Trocmé, N. and Bala, N. (2005). False allegations of abuse and neglect when parents separate. Child Abuse & Neglect, 29(12), 1333-1345
Sexually abused children will grow up to be offenders.
Many people believe that sexual abuse is cyclical. In fact, research indicates that few children who are sexually abused go on to sexually abuse other children when they are adults.
Alexander, A. (1999). Sexual offender treatment efficacy revisited. Sexual Abuse: A journal of Research and Treatment, 11 (2), 101-116
Predatory strangers are most likely to engage in sexually abusive behaviour.
Children are often taught by adults about “stranger danger”, but in 95 per cent of cases, a child who has been sexually abused will know their abuser. The chance of it being a stranger is much lower—although still possible.
Finkelhor,D., Ormrod, R., Turner,H., & Hamby, S (2005). The Victimization of children and youth: A comprehensive, national survey. Child maltreatment, 10 (5), 5-25, DOI: 10.1177/1077559504271287
While it can be uncomfortable, speaking openly with children about sexual development and sexual abuse is key to preventing abuse. Not only does it help to foster a supportive and healthy adult-child relationship, but it also creates a safe space where children can bring up problems or concerns and talk about sexual abuse should it occur.
There are many ways to comfortably and appropriately talk with children about sexual development and child sexual abuse. Specific conversational techniques vary depending on the age of the child and your relationship to them, but these are a few guiding principles:
As children grow, they naturally become more curious about their bodies and the bodies of others. It’s important to take advantage of teachable moments in everyday life to engage in a dialogue about sexuality and sexual abuse.
Abusers can be any age, ethnicity or sexual orientation, and may even be described as friendly or good with children. Ultimately, abusers often appear and act just like any other person.
It’s important to watch for signs of abusive behaviour in adults. In particular, be on the lookout for indications of grooming, such as excessive physical contact with children, making frequent sexual references with children present or displaying favouritism.
You should be particularly cautious when an adult insists on spending one-on-one time with a child. In this instance, you should always question whether or not alone time is necessary. If it is, be proactive about monitoring the situation by ensuring they meet in a public place or a room with a window and making it clear that you will be stopping by during their time together.
At all times, it’s important to listen to children and take notice of any physical, emotional or behavioural changes. Although such changes do not necessarily mean that a child has been sexually abused, recognizing when a child appears stressed is a critical first step in getting them the support they need—whether or not the stress is due to sexual abuse.
The most important thing you can do to keep your child safe from child sexual abuse is to get educated. To learn more about child sexual abuse and how to prevent it, take the free Little Warriors Prevent It! workshop or contact preventit@littlewarriors.ca.
Easy access to the Internet, smartphones and digital cameras is changing the way some child sexual abuse occurs. Because of widespread access to these forms of technology, adults need to understand the ways in which children can be exploited using the internet.
It is possible that increased access to technology is changing rates of child sexual abuse, although this has yet to be demonstrated in the research literature. Internet-related sexual abuse has received widespread media attention since the late 1990s, and it has become a focus for political activity.
Am Psychol. 2008 Feb-Mar;63(2):111-28. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.63.2.111. Online “predators” and their victims: myths, realities, and implications for prevention and treatment. Wolak J1, Finkelhor D, Mitchell KJ, Ybarra ML.
Age | Activities | Risks | Safety options |
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1-7 years | Educational games |
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8-14 years |
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15-18 years |
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Adapted from Canadian Centre for Child Protection Inc. https://www.cybertip.ca/app/en/internet_safety
There are many resources available online to help educate adults, children and youth about different aspects of online safety.
TELUS WISE offers free workshops in schools and organizations to educate students/youth about online safety. You can find more information here.
Google Safe Search Turn Google Safe Search On/Off Once You Turn Google Safe Search ON – Lock It!
Parental Control for I-Devices
Source: Paul Davis, Social Networking Safety
(Source: Paul Davis, Social Networking Safety)
Code9 Parent is an online program for parents on the social media apps and games your children use.
For more information about Internet Safety please visit our friends at Cybertip / Internet Safety.
Source: Child Sexual Abuse (The Canadian Badgley Royal Commission, Report on Sexual Offences Against Children and Youths), 1984. (pg. 175)
Source: Child Sexual Abuse (The Canadian Badgley Royal Commission, Report on Sexual Offences Against Children and Youths), 1984. (pg. 175).
Source: Child Sexual Abuse (The Canadian Badgley Royal Commission, Report on Sexual Offences Against Children and Youths), 1984. (pg. 215-218).
Source: Family Violence in Canada: A Statistical Profile 2007. Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics. Catalogue No. 85-224-XIE, ISSN 1480-7165. Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. 2007. (pg 6, 21).
Source: Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics – Statistics Canada Catalogue No. 85-002-XIE, Vol. 23. no. 6. Released July 2003. (pg. 7, 34)
Source: Family Violence in Canada: A Statistical Profile 2007. Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics. Catalogue No. 85-224-XIE, ISSN 1480-7165. Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. 2007. (pg. 20)
Source: Family Violence in Canada: A Statistical Profile 2007. Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics. Catalogue No. 85-224-XIE, ISSN 1480-7165. Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. 2007. (pg. 21).
Source: Family Violence in Canada: A Statistical Profile 2007. Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics. Catalogue No. 85-224-XIE, ISSN 1480-7165. Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. 2007. (pg. 22).
Source: Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics. (2001). Family violence in Canada: A statistical profile 2001. Catalogue no. 85-224-XIE. Ottawa: Government of Canada (pg. 13)
Source: Canadian Incidence Study (CIS) of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect – 2003: Major Findings Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada. 2005. (pg.52)
Source: Canadian Incidence Study (CIS) of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect – 2003: Major Findings Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada. 2005. (pg.52)
Source: Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics. (2002). Family violence in Canada: A statistical profile 2002. Catalogue no. 85-224-XIE. Ottawa: Government of Canada (pg. 35).
Source: Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics – Statistics Canada Catalogue No. 85-002-XIE, Vol. 23. no. 6. Released July 2003 (pg. 9)
Source: The Juristat presents Child Maltreatment in Canada – Canadian Incidence Study of Reported Child Abuse and Neglect. Authors: Nico Trocmé and David Wolfe. Ottawa, Ontario: Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada, 2001. (pg. 24)
Source: Simpson, T.L. & Miller, W.R. (2002). Concomitance between childhood sexual and physical abuse and substance use problems: A review. Clinical Psychology Review, 22, 27-77.
Source: Simpson, T.L. & Miller, W.R. (2002). Concomitance between childhood sexual and physical abuse and substance use problems: A review. Clinical Psychology Review, 22, 27-77.
Source: Kaplan and Sadock’s Synopsis of Psychiatry: Behavioral Sciences/Clinical Psychiatry, 2007.
Source: Health Canada, Adult Survivors of Child Sexual Abuse, Information from the National Clearinghouse on Family Violence, 1993.
Source: C. Cahill, S. Llewelyn & C. Pearson (1991). Longterm Effects of Sexual Abuse Which Occurred in Childhood: Review. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 30: 117-130.
Source: Preliminary Report on Childhood Sexual Abuse, Suicidal Ideation, and Suicide Attempts Among Middle-Aged and Older Depressed. Nancy Talbot, Paul Duberstein, Christopher Cox, Diane Denning, Yeates Conwell. Accepted April 8, 2003. From the University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.
Although it is not possible to measure the personal and social costs of sexual abuse and exploitation of children and youth, most people would agree they are enormous. There are also financial costs to society as a whole.
According to the Day model, which measures the judicial, social services, education, health, employment and personal costs of violence:
The estimated annual cost of child sexual abuse in Canada exceeds $3.6 billion CAD. Each youth suicide costs $640,000 to $3,000,000.
Source: Hankivsky, O. (2003, forthcoming). Preliminary cost estimates of child sexual abuse Canada. Ottawa, ON: Health Canada.
Cost of child sexual abuse in Canada
Private | Public | Total | |
---|---|---|---|
Health | $5,111,410 | $1,713,532,341 | $1,718,643,751 |
Social and public services | $203,805,039 | $710,913,818 | $914,718,857 |
Justice | $117,359,516 | $355,004,360 | $472,363,876 |
Education/research and employment | $1,140,000 | $12,578,803 | $13,718,833 |
Mortality | $357,879,769 | $118,150,783 | $476,030,552 |
Morbidity | $75,864,108 | $25,045,852 | $100,909,960 |
TOTAL | $761,159,872 | $2,935,225,957 | $3,696,385,829 |
Source: Audra Bowlus, Katharine McKenna, Tanis Day and David Right, The Economic Costs and Consequences of Child Abuse in Canada (Ottawa: Law Commission of Canada, 2003). Found on Department of Justice Canada Website (article titled: Sexual Abuse and Exploitation of Children and Youth: A Fact Sheet from the Department of Justice Canada)
According to national statistics released in 1997:
Source: Adolescent Sex Offenders. (1997) National Clearinghouse on Family Violence. Cat. H72-22/3-1997E. ISBN 0-662-18255-3. (pg. 2)
A report from the province of British Columbia published in 1994 found:
Source: Child Youth Mental Services, British Columbia Ministry of Health, Multiple Victim Child Sexual Abuse: The impact on Communities and Implications for the Intervention Planning, Ottawa: Health Canada, Supply and Services Canada, 1994 (pg. 6)
A new study funded by Little Warriors and conducted at the University of Alberta has shed light on the prevalence and effects of child sexual abuse, as well as the need for programs that help adults recognize the signs that a child is being sexually abused.
The study, conducted by Erin Martin and Dr. Peter Silverstone of the Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience at the University of Alberta and published in the online academic journal Frontiers in Psychiatry, points to three key findings:
To conduct this study, Martin and Silverstone looked at two key databases and conducted manual searches of the publications Child Sexual Abuse and Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, including articles from 1990 to 2012, and national incidence studies and prevalence studies.
To learn more about this study, please visit frontiersin.org.
Other recent studies conducted by Silverstone, Martin and others include:
Family and Caregiver Resources for Financial Aid
Jordan’s Principle Financial Aid: Jordan’s Principle responds to unmet needs of First Nations children no matter where they live in Canada. You can learn more and apply here.
Victims of Crime Financial Benefits: You or your child may be entitled to financial benefits through the Victims of Crime Financial Benefits Program. You can complete the application here.
These resources are provided for reference purposes only.
Adult survivors of child abuse
Strong at the Heart: How It Feels to Heal from Sexual Abuse
by Carolyn Lehman, with Forward by Laura Davis
Douglas & McIntyre / Fsg Kids (September 2005)
Healing from the Trauma of Childhood Sexual Abuse: The Journey for Women
by Karen A. Duncan
Praeger Publishers (August 2004)
Healing the Trauma of Abuse: A Women’s Workbook
Mary Ellen Copeland and Maxine Harris
New Harbinger Publications (2000)
The Sexual Healing Journey: A Guide for Survivors of Sexual Abuse (Revised Edition)
Wendy Maltz, Carol Arian (Illustrator)
Harpercollins Trade Sales Dept; 2 edition (February 2001)
Beginning to Heal (Revised Edition): A First Book for Men and Women Who Were Sexually Abused as Children
Ellen Bass, Laura Davis
Harpercollins Trade Sales Dept; REV edition (October 2003)
Victims No Longer (Second Edition): The Classic Guide for Men Recovering from Sexual Child Abuse
Mike Lew
Harpercollins Trade Sales Dept; REV edition (April 2004)
No Secrets No Lies: How Black Families Can Heal from Sexual Abuse
Robin Stone
Harlem Moon; Reprint edition (March 2005)
I Will Survive: The African-American Guide to Healing from Sexual Assault and Abuse
Lori S. Robinson, Foreword by Julia A. Boyd
Seal Press (February 2003)
Child and adolescent resources
How Long Does It Hurt?: A Guide to Recovering from Incest and Sexual Abuse for Teenagers, Their Friends, and Their Families
Cynthia Mather, Kristina E. Debye
Jossey-Bass; Revised Edition (2014)
CBT Toolbox for Children and Adolescents: Over 220 Worksheets and Exercises for Trauma, ADHD, Autism, Anxiety, Depression & Conduct Disorders
Phifer, Crowder et al.
Pesi Pub & Media (2017)
Don’t Let Your Emotions Run Your Life For Teens: Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills for Helping You Manage Mood Swings, Control Angry Outbursts, and Get Along With Others.
Sheri Van Dijk
Instant Help (2011)
Don’t Let Your Emotions Run Your Life For Kids: Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills for Helping Children Manage Mood Swings, Control Angry Outbursts, and Get Along With Others.
Jennifer J. Solin and Christina Kress
Instant Help (2017)
Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills: 101 Mindfulness Exercises and other Fun Activities for Children and Adolescents
Riddock Christensen
Author House (2009)
The Self-Compassion Workbook for Teens: Mindfulness and Compassion Skills to Overcome Self-Criticism and Embrace Who You Are
Karen Bluth
Instant Help Books (2017)
Kids Helping Kids Break the Silence of Sexual Abuse
Linda L. Foltz
Lighthouse Point Press (2003)
My Body Belongs to Me
Jill Starishevsky, Angela Padrón (Illustrator)
Free Spirit Publishing Inc (2014)
My Very Own Book About Me: A Personal Safety Book
Jo Stowell, Mary Dietzel, Barbara Bryan Gleason
ACT for Kids (January 2000)
No Touching Secrets!
Melissa Pirwani (Author and Publisher). (2015)
Some Secrets Should Never Be Kept
Jay Sanders
Educate2empower Publishing (June 2017)
The Swimsuit Lesson
Jon Holsten
Holsten Books (2006)
A Terrible Thing Happened
Margaret M. Holmes
Magination Press (1993)
Understanding Trauma/Trauma Self-Help:
In An Unspoken Voice: How the Body Releases Trauma and Restores Goodness
Peter Levine
North Atlantic Books (2012)
Healing Trauma: A Pioneering Program for Restoring the Wisdom of Your Body
Peter Levine
Sounds True (2008)
The Body Keeps the Score: Brain, Mind, and Body in the Healing of Trauma
Bessel van der Kolk, MD
Penguin Books (2015)
The Boy Who was Raised as a Dog: And Other Stories from a Child Psychiatrist’s Notebook- What Traumatized Children Can Teach Us About Loss, Love, and Healing
Bruce Perry and Maia Szalavitz
Basic Books (2017)
The Polyvagal Theory: Neurophysiological Foundations of Emotions, Attachment, Communication, Self-Regulation
Stephen W. Porges
Norton (2017)
The Pocket Guide to The Polyvagal Theory: The Transformative Power of Feeling Safe
Stephen W. Porges
Norton (2017)
Trauma and Recovery
Judith Lewis Herman
Pandora Press (September 2001)
Overcoming Trauma and PTSD: A Workbook Integrating Skills from ACT, DBT, and CBT
Sheela Raja
New Harbinger Publications (2012)
The Complex PTSD Workbook: A Mind-Body Approach to Regaining Emotional Control and Becoming Whole
Arielle Schwartz
Althea Press (2017)
Adverse Childhood Experiences: Using Evidence to Advance Research, Practice, Policy, and Prevention
Gordon Asmundson and Tracie Afifi
Academic Press (2019)
The ACEs Revolution: The Impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences
John Richard Trayser
CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform (2016)
Indigenous Healing: Exploring Traditional Paths
Rupert Ross
Penguin Canada (2014)
Legacy: Trauma, Story, and Indigenous Healing
Suzanne Methot
ECW Press (2019)
The Gifts of Imperfection: Let Go of Who You Think You’re Supposed to Be and Embrace Who You Are
Brene Brown
Hazelden Publishing (2010)
Braving the Wilderness: The Quest for True Belonging and the Courage to Stand Alone
Brene Brown
Random House (2019)
Self-Compassion: The Proven Power of Being Kind to Yourself
Kristin Neff
William Morrow Paperbacks (2015)
The Mindful Self-Compassion Workbook: A Proven Way to Accept Yourself, Build Inner Strength, and Thrive
Kristin Neff and Christopher Germer
The Guilford Press (2018)
The Mindful Path to Self-Compassion: Freeing Yourself from Destructive Thoughts and Emotions
Christopher Germer
The Guilford Press (2009)
The Feeling Good Handbook: The Groundbreaking Program with Powerful New Techniques and Step-by-Step Exercises to Overcome Depression, Conquer Anxiety, and Enjoy Greater Intimacy
David Burns
Plume (1999)
Ten Days to Self-Esteem
David Burns
Harper Paperbacks (2012)
When Panic Attacks: The New, Drug-Free Anxiety Therapy That Can Change Your Life
David Burns
Harmony (2007)
Reviving Ophelia: Saving the Selves of Adolescent Girls
Mary Pipher and Sara Gilliam
Riverhead Books (2019)
Real Boys: Rescuing Our Sons from the Myths of Boyhood
William Pollack
Holt Paperbacks (1999)
Authentic Happiness: Using the New Positive Psychology to Realize Your Potential for Lasting Fulfillment
Martin E.P. Seligman
Free Press (2002)
The Untethered Soul: The Journey Beyond Yourself
Michael A. Singer
New Harbinger Publications (2007)
Comfortable with Uncertainty: 108 Teachings on Cultivating Fearlessness and Compassion
Pema Chodron
Shambhala (2018)
Radical Compassion: Learning to Love Yourself and Your World with the Practice of RAIN
Tara Brach
Rider & Co (2019)
Radical Acceptance: Embracing Your Life with the Heart of a Buddha
Tara Brach
Bantam (2004)
The Four Agreements: A Practical Guide to Personal Freedom
Don Miguel Ruiz
Amber-Allen Publishing (1997)
Parenting from the Inside Out: How a Deeper Self-Understanding Can Help You Raise Children Who Thrive
Siegel and Hartzell
Tarcher Perigee (2013)
The Whole-Brain Child: 12 Revolutionary Strategies to Nurture Your Child’s Developing Mind
Siegel and Bryson
Delacorte Press (2011)
No-Drama Discipline: The Whole-Brain Way to Calm the Chaos and Nurture Your Child’s Developing Mind
Siegel and Bryson
Bantam (2014)
The Explosive Child: A New Approach for Understanding and Parenting Easily Frustrated, Chronically Inflexible Children
Ross Greene
Harper (2014)
Raising Human Beings: Creating a Collaborative Partnership with Your Child
Ross Greene
Scribner (2016)
The Gifts of Imperfect Parenting: Raising Children with Courage, Compassion, and Connection
Brene Brown
Sounds True (Audiobook) (2013)
Rising Strong: How the Ability to Reset Transforms the Way We Live, Love, Parent, and Lead
Brene Brown
Random House (2015)
Hold On to Your Kids: Why Parents Need to Matter More Than Peers
Gordon Neufeld and Gabor Mate
Vintage Canada (2013)
The Circle of Security Intervention: Enhancing Attachment in Early Parent-Child Relationships
Powell, Cooper, Hoffman, and Marvin
The Guilford Press (2016)
Raising a Secure Child: How Circle of Security Parenting Can Help You Nurture Your Child’s Attachment, Emotional resilience, and Freedom to Explore
Hoffman, Cooper, and Powell
The Guilford Press (2017)
10 Mindful Minutes
Goldie Hawn with Wendy Holden
Penguin Group (2011)
Freeing Your Child From Anxiety: Powerful, Practical Solutions to Overcome Your Child’s Fears, Worries, and Phobias
Tamar E. Chansky
Broadway Books (2004)
Trauma-Proofing Your Kids: A Parents’ Guide for Instilling Confidence, Joy and Resilience
Peter Levine and Maggie Kline
North Atlantic Books (2008)
www.childtrauma.org (Child Trauma Bruce Perry)
www.nctsn.org (National Child Traumatic Stress Network)
www.protectchildren.ca (Canadian Centre for Child Protection)
www.albertafamilywellness.org (Alberta Family Wellness Initiative)
www.ctrinstitute.com (Crisis and Trauma Resource Institute: CTRI Canada)
www.developingchild.harvard.edu (Harvard Centre on the Developing Child)
www.brainstory.org (For Brain Story Course)
www.cdc.gov (ACEs CDC)
www.acesconnection.com (ACEsConnection)
www.centerforyouthwellness.org (Center for Youth Wellness)
www.canadiancentretoendhumantrafficking.ca (Canadian Centre to End Human Trafficking)
www.publicsafety.gc.ca (Human Trafficking Public Safety Canada)
Elementary Age
Internet Safety (Elementary): https://youtu.be/CS4IreTyYSM
My Body, My Boundaries (Healthy Relationships K-3): https://youtu.be/KpGuIQwStvM
Healthy Relationships (Gr. 4-6): https://youtu.be/zoJJO25quN4
Junior/Senior High Age
Internet Safety (Junior/Senior High): https://youtu.be/MFyGxwFYMa0
Healthy Relationships (Junior High): https://youtu.be/kQICfkmRWmo
Healthy Relationships (High School): https://youtu.be/zaSH6zk5kzw
*Boundaries and Harassment (Junior High): https://youtu.be/oJNsZvZF1O4
*Sexual Assault and Harassment (Junior/Senior High): https://youtu.be/dmI2urJtB6I
Parent/Caregiver
Cyberworld (Parent/Caregiver – intended for adults only!): https://youtu.be/Uy0ruoLOooY